Basic Data Types in Python: A Quick Exploration :

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May 20, 2024
Basic Data Types in Python: A Quick Exploration
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Python has several basic data types that are built into the language. With these types, you can represent numeric values, text and binary data, and Boolean values in your code. So, these data types are the basic building blocks of most Python programs and projects.

In this tutorial, you’ll learn about:

  • Numeric types, such as int, float, and complex
  • The str data type, which represents textual data
  • The bytes and bytearray data types for storing bytes
  • Boolean values with the bool data type

In this tutorial, you’ll learn only the basics of each data type. To learn more about a specific data type, you’ll find useful resources in the corresponding section.

Take the Quiz: Test your knowledge with our interactive “Basic Data Types in Python: A Quick Exploration” quiz. You’ll receive a score upon completion to help you track your learning progress:

Basic Data Types in Python

Interactive Quiz

Basic Data Types in Python: A Quick Exploration

Take this quiz to test your understanding of the basic data types that are built into Python, like numbers, strings, and Booleans.

Python’s Basic Data Types

Python has several built-in data types that you can use out of the box because they’re built into the language. From all the built-in types available, you’ll find that a few of them represent basic objects, such as numbers, strings and characters, bytes, and Boolean values.

Note that the term basic refers to objects that can represent data you typically find in real life, such as numbers and text. It doesn’t include composite data types, such as lists, tuples, dictionaries, and others.

In Python, the built-in data types that you can consider basic are the following:

Class Basic Type
int Integer numbers
float Floating-point numbers
complex Complex numbers
str Strings and characters
bytes, bytearray Bytes
bool Boolean values

In the following sections, you’ll learn the basics of how to create, use, and work with all of these built-in data types in Python.

Integer Numbers

Integer numbers are whole numbers with no decimal places. They can be positive or negative numbers. For example, 0, 1, 2, 3, -1, -2, and -3 are all integers. Usually, you’ll use positive integer numbers to count things.

In Python, the integer data type is represented by the int class:

Python 
>>> type(42)
<class 'int'>

In the following sections, you’ll learn the basics of how to create and work with integer numbers in Python.

Integer Literals

When you need to use integer numbers in your code, you’ll often use integer literals directly. Literals are constant values of built-in types spelled out literally, such as integers. Python provides a few different ways to create integer literals. The most common way is to use base-ten literals that look the same as integers look in math:

Python 
>>> 42
42

>>> -84
-84

>>> 0
0

Here, you have three integer numbers: a positive one, a negative one, and zero. Note that to create negative integers, you need to prepend the minus sign (-) to the number.

Python has no limit to how long an integer value can be. The only constraint is the amount of memory your system has. Beyond that, an integer can be as long as you need:

Python 
>>> 123123123123123123123123123123123123123123123123 + 1
123123123123123123123123123123123123123123123124

For a really, really long integer, you can get a ValueError when converting it to a string:

Python 
>>> 123 ** 10000
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
ValueError: Exceeds the limit (4300 digits) for integer string conversion;
            use sys.set_int_max_str_digits() to increase the limit

Read the full article at https://realpython.com/python-data-types/ »

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May 20, 2024 at 07:30PM
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